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H.R. 151: Equal Representation Act of 2025

119th Congress · introduced 2025-01-03 · Government Operations and Politics · Latest: Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 536.

federal

What does this mean?

Official title

Equal Representation Act of 2025

Plain summary

Equal Representation Act This bill requires that the statement sent by the President to Congress after the decennial census indicating the number of persons in each state exclude noncitizens. (This statement is the basis for reapportionment of U.S. Representatives.) The bill also requires any questionnaire used in the decennial census to include a checkbox or other similar option for respondents to indicate whether the respondent and each household member is (1) a U.S. citizen, (2) a U.S. national but not a citizen, (3) a non-U.S. national ( alien under federal law) lawfully residing in the United States, or (4) a non-U.S. national unlawfully residing in the United States. The Department of Commerce must make public the number of persons in each state, disaggregated by each of these four categories.

Congressional Research Service summary (Introduced in House), quoted unchanged (nonpartisan). Read the source.

What a vote does

A “Yea” vote

If it passes both chambers and is signed, it becomes law.

A “Nay” vote

If it is not passed, current law stays as it is.

PSI Sci description of the legislative step (not an opinion).

What does this mean? (plain words)

Official text

Equal Representation Act of 2025

Source: Congressional Research Service summary (Introduced in House)

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The strongest published arguments

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Alternatives

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Officials and money

Sponsor: Rep. Edwards, Chuck [R-NC-11] · 66 cosponsors

Money: CBO cost estimate: H.R. 151, Equal Representation Act of 2025 (2026-04-22) No linked contracts or vendors yet.

Words on this page, explained (1)
Bill
A proposed law. It becomes law only if it passes the legislature and is signed by the president or governor (or a veto is overridden).

Plain meanings written from linked sources. All words.

Sources

Record fed-us-cong119-hr151 · catalog fed-us-congress-bills-cong119 · updated 2026-11-03 by psicol fed-bills