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H.R. 4187: Stop Hate Crimes Act of 2025
119th Congress · introduced 2025-06-26 · Crime and Law Enforcement · Latest: Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
federal
Official title
Stop Hate Crimes Act of 2025
Plain summary
Stop Hate Crimes Act of 2025 This bill lowers the standard for establishing that a defendant's conduct constitutes a federal hate crime offense. Currently, federal law prohibits willfully causing bodily injury or using a dangerous weapon to attempt to do so because of the actual or perceived protected characteristic (e.g., race or religion) of any person. In a prosecution for a hate crime offense, the government must establish that the defendant committed prohibited conduct because of a specific protected characteristic. The phrase because of is not defined. However, since 2014, courts have generally held that because of relates to causation and requires the government to establish but-for causation. For example, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit held in United States v. Miller that in a prosecution for a hate crime offense, the phrase because of required the government to establish that but for the religion of the victims, the defendants would not have committed the assaults. This bill replaces the because of standard, which relates to causation, with a new standard related to motive. Under the new standard, willfully causing bodily injury or using a dangerous weapon to attempt to do so is a hate crime offense if the actual or perceived protected characteristic of any person is a contributory motivating factor in the offense.
Congressional Research Service summary (Introduced in House), quoted unchanged (nonpartisan). Read the source.
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Official text
Stop Hate Crimes Act of 2025
Source: Congressional Research Service summary (Introduced in House)
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Officials and money
Sponsor: Rep. Lieu, Ted [D-CA-36] · 8 cosponsors
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Words on this page, explained (1)
- Bill
- A proposed law. It becomes law only if it passes the legislature and is signed by the president or governor (or a veto is overridden).
Plain meanings written from linked sources. All words.
Sources
- Congressional Research Service summary (Introduced in House)
- Congress.gov
- Data: GovInfo BILLSTATUS bulk data (Library of Congress), BILLSTATUS-119hr4187.xml <https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/BILLSTATUS/119/hr>
Record fed-us-cong119-hr4187 · catalog fed-us-congress-bills-cong119 · updated 2026-11-03 by psicol fed-bills